01655nas a2200217   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001200043653001600055653002800071653001700099653001800116653001700134100001900151245010400170856007900274300001000353490000600363520105400369022001401423       2021                            d  c09/202110aSingularity10aArtificial Intelligence10aRay Kurzweil10aTranshumanism10aPosthumanism1 aOliver Krüger00a“The Singularity is near!” Visions of Artificial Intelligence in Posthumanism and Transhumanism  uhttps://www.ijimai.org/journal/sites/default/files/2021-08/ijimai7_1_2.pdf  a16-230 v73 aOver the past 20 years, the idea of singularity has become increasingly important to the technological visions of posthumanism and transhumanism. The article first introduces key posthumanist authors such as Marvin Minsky, Ray Kurzweil, Hans Moravec, and Frank Tipler. In the following, the concept of singularity is reviewed from a cultural studies perspective, first with regard to the cosmological singularity and then to the technological singularity. According to posthumanist thinkers the singularity is marked by the emergence of a superhuman computer intelligence that will solve all of humanity’s problems. At the same time, it heralds the end of the human era. Most authors refer to the British mathematician Irving John Good’s 1965 essay Speculations Concerning the First Ultraintelligent Machine as the originator of the idea of superintelligence. Individual elements of the singularity idea such as the impenetrable event horizon, the frontier and the ongoing acceleration of progress are contextualized historically and culturally.  a1989-1660